The Persian Wars Essays - Battle Of Salamis, Greco-Persian Wars

The Persian Wars A long time ago Croesus the king of Lydia took over the Greek colonies on the east coast of Asia Minor (Turkey). Croesus was a kind and fair ruler so the Greeks did not really mind. But around 546 BC King Croesus and his empire was overthrown by Cyrus the Great who was Persian. About fifty years later Asia Minor revolted against Persia. The rebellion was assisted by Athens. The rebellion was successful. After the rebellion had stopped Darius I took complete control over Asia Minor. Darius sent tyrants to rule over all Greek city states except Athens and Sparta refused to accept the tyrants. After Darius took rule the Ionian city states rebelled another time. Darius took this as a personal insult and sent troops in to destroy Athens. Athens beat the Persians whose army was almost three times the size of the Athenian army at the famous Battle of Marathon. The battle was fought on the Plains of Marathon outside of Athens. Darius' successor Xerxes I brought together the largest army of ancient history. In 480 BC Xerxes led his troops to the narrow passes of Thermopylae. In this battle several thousand soldiers led by the Spartan leader Leonidas I fought against the Spartans. A Greek traitor told the Persians a way to get around the Greek forces and enter the pass through their flank. The Persians did so and annihilated the Greek forces from the rear. There was nothing left between the Persians and Athens so the Persians plundered and destroyed the abandoned city. The next battle that took place was when the Persian fleet tried to pursue the Greek fleet at the Battle of Salamis. The Persians did not stand a chance in that battle and lost. All the Persian forces left in Greece were defeated a year later at the Battle of Plataea and Greece won it's independence.

Honeybees As A Resource Essays - Beekeeping, Pollination, Bees, Apis

Honeybees As A Resource Essays - Beekeeping, Pollination, Bees, Apis Honeybees As A Resource Honeybees as a Resource Honeybees are very useful to humans. As their name suggests, they make the sweet, delicious treat known as honey that we enjoy. They also make beeswax from which we make many useful items. But the most important thing bees do for us is to pollinate the plants. The honeybee visits flowers which secrete a sweet liquid called nectar. This water-like nectar is sipped from the blossoms by the bee and carried to the beehive. The raw nectar goes into the cells in almost the same condition as it was when the bee sipped it from the flowers. It is inside the hive that house bees evaporate the nectar down to the thick consistency which is what we know as commercial honey. We usually think of the main use of honey as a spread on bread, pancakes or biscuits. However, honey has a large use in cooking; such as pastries, canned foods, milk drinks, desserts, frostings, syrups, and salad dressings. Honey contains simple sugars and does not require digestion like regular sugar, so it is useful for quick energy pick up and even for diabetic people. Most honey is sold as extracted honey but it is also sold on the honeycomb which is the wax chambers the bees make in the hive in which to store the honey. The wax comes from a worker bee's belly when she is fourteen to twenty-one days old. The wax chambers are just big enough for a bee to crawl inside. Sometimes people like to eat honeycomb. It can be eaten on toast or as is; then the wax becomes like a chewing gum, but like chewing gum it should not be swallowed. In recent years a new process called the Dyce process has made it possible to make a very nice granulated honey called creamed honey which is gaining in popularity. However, granulated honey is not used much commercially because it is still an almost unknown honey product. Beeswax is the second most important product produced by the honeybees. Beeswax, the earliest of waxes, has been used in the form of candles for lighting. This is today the second largest use of beeswax. The Roman Catholic Church used to require that pure beeswax candles be used in church but as the numbers of churches grew there wasn't enough beeswax available so that now the Catholic Church requires that candles are at least 51 percent beeswax. The reason the church requires beeswax candles is because the candles do not smoke. Probably the largest user of beeswax today is the cosmetic industry. Beeswax is used as the emulsifying agent in face creams, lipsticks, lotions and rouges. It is also used in shoe polish, sporting goods and military hardware. The beekeeper himself is the third largest user of beeswax which he gives to the bees as the base of their new comb. There are 70 or more commercial uses of beeswax today. Each year in the United States some 200 million pounds of honey and four to six million pounds of beeswax are produced. Honeybees are not the only insect that pollinates plants, but they are the best. A lot of our food, such as corn, tomatoes, peas, squash, strawberries, apples, pears, and watermelon would not continue without this pollination. During the last three weeks of a worker bee's life, they fly out of the hives as a forager. The bees take pollen and nectar to the hive and deposit it into cells. During a foraging trip each individual bee will collect pollen from just one kind of plant. By doing this, each bee helps pollinate the blossoms. When the bee crawls around on the blossom, the pollen (containing male plant reproductive cells) clings to fine hairs located on the bee's legs. The pollen is carried from one blossom to another blossom of the same kind of plant, where it sticks to the female part of the flower. Without pollination plants would not produce fruit or seeds. Without seeds now new plants could grow. Pollen is carried in small pollen baskets on the outer sides of the bees legs. In order to fill the baskets with pollen, the bee uses her mouth parts and scrapes the pollen from the blossoms and hairs on

Ariel Dorfmans Death and the Maiden 40 lines analysis Essay Example for Free (#40)

Ariel Dorfman’s Death and the Maiden 40 lines analysis Essay Death (671) , Sylvia Plath (42) , Ariel (31) company About StudyMoose Contact Careers Help Center Donate a Paper Legal Terms & Conditions Privacy Policy Complaints The following forty lines from Ariel Dorfman’s Death and the Maiden (1990), take place in scene 1 of Act 3, after Roberto has been tied up by Paulina and threatened with being tortured the same way as she had been, and then shot. In response to Paulinaà ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½s threats, Roberto begins confessing the brutality of his actions and his motives. This confession may be true; however, Gerardo has advised Roberto to indulge Paulina, to confess as this would save his life. Whatever the case, the extract is important because it portrays how a man can slide into brutality, without initially meaning to. Second, the extract is important because it helps expose the iniquities of dictatorial military governments. Finally, it is also important because it gives us an idea of Roberto’s character and personality. In this extract we clearly see the stages by which a respectable doctor became a brutal sadistic torturer. Though Roberto’s brother told him that helping the torturers could be a way to â€Å"pay the communists back for what they did to [his] dad,† Roberto stresses that he accepted the job for â€Å"humanitarian reasons.† Firstly, he wanted to help the prisoners who â€Å"were dying† from the tortures as â€Å"someone to help care for them, someone they could trust.† Later on, however, Roberto became involved in more â€Å"delicate operations† and was asked to â€Å"sit in on sessions where [his] role was to determine if the prisoners could take that much torture.† This indicates that he was there while the prisoners were tortured, watching these brutal scenes. Roberto thought this † was a way of saving people’s lives,† as he â€Å"ordered them to stop or the prisoner would die;† however, watching brutalized him, and slowly the â€Å"virtue [he] was feeling turned into excitement.† Soon, â€Å"brutalization took over [his] life† and he began â€Å"to truly like what [he] was doing,† so much so that, from an observer, he became a participant. Torture became a â€Å"game† for him, a game that was â€Å"partly morbid, partly scientific,† as he tortured women to find out things like â€Å"How much can this woman take? More than the other one? How’s her sex? Does her sex dry up when you put the current through her? Can she have an orgasm under those circumstances?† By the end, Roberto had become a sadist totally obsessed with â€Å"carry[ing] out all [his] fantasies† of sexually torturing women who were â€Å"entirely in his power,† women with whom he could do â€Å"whatever [he] want[ed].† So, stage by stage, we see in the example of Roberto how men can slide from positions of respectability and motives of kindness and compassion to becoming human monsters, men who delight in the sufferings of others. The tragedy of Robertoà ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½s slide from being a humanitarian to being a torturer is emphasized by the style of his speech, which reveals that he is an intelligent, educated, insightful man. Firstly we see how Roberto’s diction indicates his intelligence and level of education. Words such as â€Å"brutalization† and â€Å"morbid,† and phrases such as â€Å"he lost his capacity for speech,† â€Å"humanitarian reasons† and â€Å"install a totalitarian dictatorship† clearly manifest his ability to speak articulately and in a high register. We also see how analytically capable Roberto is, as he does not just describe his own actions but explains why they occurred, carefully dissecting his his motives for working with the torturers, not to â€Å"pay the communists back† but â€Å"for humanitarian reasons.† He can organize his account in clear, logical stages, with phrases like â€Å"It was slowly, almost without realizing how,† â€Å"At first,† â€Å"But afterwards,† â€Å"By the time,† â€Å"I began to,† and â€Å"It became.† Additionally, even in the circumstances in which he is giving this confession, in fear of his life, Roberto uses figurative language, suggesting that he has good rhetorical abilities. He uses euphemism, for example, in calling torture sessions â€Å"delicate operations,† and he uses metaphors when he refers to his brutalization as â€Å"the mask of virtue fell off,† and to his descent into sadistic torture as â€Å"the swamp.† So, we see how Roberto’s use of language clearly reveals his high level of education and intelligence, and this makes us even more horrified at how such a sophisticated man could have become a brutal torturer of women. More than exposing the degeneration of individual men, exemplified in Roberto, however, this extract also exposes the iniquities of military dictatorships, like the Pinochet regime in Chile, which Dorfman himself had to flee from. We see how military governments divided families: though Roberto became a doctor devoted to saving lives, his brother, determined to â€Å"pay the communists back for what they did to [their] father,† took another path, joining the military dictatorship and becoming a â€Å"member of the secret services.à ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½Ã¢â‚¬  We also are given the impression of how military dictatorships can convince people to support them by manipulating their sufferings under previous governments, promising some kind of compensation, as Robertoà ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½s brother joined the dictatorship to â€Å"pay the communists back for what they didà ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½ to his father à ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½the day the peasants took over his land at Las Toltecas.† Such governments also persuade people to support them, as Roberto did, by deceit and lies, getting Roberto involved in torture by saying the prisoners needed â€Å"someone they could help care for them,† but actually slowing criminalizing Roberto as a torturer. The fact that â€Å"they† have had such an enormous influence on Robertoà ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½s personality shows just how psychologically manipulative such regimes can be. Finally, the fact that, throughout his speech, Roberto refers to the government only as â€Å"they† evokes the way in which such governments work in the shadows, secretly and anonymously, to torture and terrorize. Thus this extract does not only show how Roberto and men like him deteriorate when they become involved in torture; it also shows how dictatorial regimes can manipulate such men, facilitating and enabling this deterioration to occur. In conclusion, this extract is very important as, whether Robertoà ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½s confession is true or feigned, it reveals how even the best of men may slide into such brutality and how military governments can create vile monsters out of exemplary human beings. Through the details of Robertoà ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½s confession, Dorfman is inviting his audience to consider how a man becomes sub-human. If a respectable doctor, a benefactor to the community, could turn into such a monster because of the effects of such a regime, then what would happen to the rest of society? Dorfman tries to make the reader consider that this incident that has turned Roberto’s life into a monster might happen to anybody in our society; especially in a switch of regime. Ariel Dorfman’s Death and the Maiden 40 lines analysis. (2017, Nov 13). We have essays on the following topics that may be of interest to you

Emerging Technologies Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Emerging Technologies - Essay Example in law enforcement in an attempt to support police work in different forms for instance computer technology offers a wide variety of software tools and applications that can be used for examining data like that geographic information systems and entering information regarding crimes in databases. At the present, the advancements and developments in information technologies have required from law enforcement agencies to make use of the most excellent technology obtainable to carry out data analysis, respond to crises, protect people and stop crimes. In addition, a lot of researches have shown that computer technology can be used to increase the efficiency of police work; however it needs to be integrated with definite organizational activities which are implemented to take advantage of data availability. In this scenario, computer technology works as a wonderful tool for police to help them achieve their wider and more and more complicated tasks. Additionally, the research has also sh own that computer technology has significant effect on performance of police work. In other words, it can be said that if police department makes effective use of information technology, it can improve their performance and importance. In view of that, it is vital to gain knowledge of that how much information technology is useful for a police force (Ellahi & Manarvi, 2010). Moreover, before the implementation of information technology into the police stations, crime related data and information was stored by hand. However, at the present, the arrival of information technology offers wonderful techniques and technologies to store huge volumes of data which are not station specific; to a certain extent it can be used by all of the police officers. In other words, it can be said that after... In the past few years, the events of computer-related crime and telecommunications fraud have augmented at a very high speed. In addition, due to the intangible environment of these crimes, we could be able to see very few prosecutions and even fewer convictions. In many cases, the computer technology that has been accepted for automation and advancement of a wide variety of business operations has also brought a lot of new kinds of computer violence and crime. Though, some of these system attacks only use up to date techniques to hand over older, a lot of well-known types of abuse, while remaining engaged the utilization of absolutely new kinds of against the law action that has developed together with the technology.Basically, the computer technology is used in law enforcement in an attempt to support police work in different forms for instance computer technology offers a wide variety of software tools and applications that can be used for examining data like that geographic infor mation systems and entering information regarding crimes in databases.Moreover, before the implementation of information technology into the police stations, crime related data and information was stored by hand.However, at the present, the arrival of information technology offers wonderful techniques and technologies to store huge volumes of data which are not station specific; to a certain extent it can be used by all of the police officers. Additionally, computer technology in the scenario of police can be seen in a wide variety of aspects.

Compare and contrast between the structure of Thailand's Government Research Paper

Compare and contrast between the structure of Thailand's Government and US's - Research Paper Example â€Å"Thailand is governed by a system of centralization†, (Royal Thai Consulate, 2002) and they hold their Constitution as the highest law of the land. The Thai Government is broken down into three main components, which are legislative, Judicial and Executive powers. The Legislative power is devoted to the Parliament, and it works through a divided National Assembly that consists of their House of Representatives and the Senate. The people of Thailand elect the National Assembly. The Parliament has to approve all of the legislation that the House of Representatives and the Senate wants to pass. If they get Parliamentary approval, then the Parliament takes it to the King who has to sign it before it can become law (Chaninat & Leeds, 2011). Thailand’s Judicial Power works through the Court of Law with three different levels, which are: the Court of First Instance, the Court of Appeal, and the Supreme Court. The Court of First Instance deals with juvenile and family issu es, but they have the authority to try criminal cases as well which are in the general courts, which are: Civil, Criminal, Provincial and Kwaeng Courts. Civil Courts are for property issues; Criminal Courts are for people that have been arrested for a crime they may have committed; Provincial Courts are for all general civil and criminal problems that happen in their own province, and; Kwaeng Courts are for special criminal cases. The Court of Appeal handles all of the appeals cases that come before them against a judgment that has already been made in the Civil and Criminal Courts. The Supreme Court is the last court of appeal for all of the law cases in the entire Kingdom (The Judiciary of Thailand, 2011). Finally, Thailand’s Executive power works through the Cabinet, which the Prime Minister controls. The Prime Minister has a Council of Ministers, which control 15 different ministries. Those ministries are: Office of the Prime Minister Ministry of Finance Ministry of Forei gn Affairs Ministry of Defense Ministry of Agriculture and Co-operatives Ministry of Education Ministry of Transport and Communications Ministry of Commerce Ministry of Public Health Ministry of Science, Technology and Environment Ministry of University Affairs Ministry of Justice Ministry of Labor and Social Welfare Ministry of Industry Ministry of the Interior This entire system is kept in the middle of Thailand, but it is divided into different regional and provincial governments. Bangkok has its own administrative people and elects its own governor. The other provinces of Thailand have their governors appointed for them (The Judiciary of Thailand, 2011). The United States of America is a democratic type of government, currently headed by President Barack Obama, who has the highest political power of the people of the United States. They have one Constitution, and The President has a second in command to him, which is the Vice President of the United States. There are three branc hes of the U.S. government, which carry out their own functions and have their own powers. The three branches are Legislative, Judicial and Executive. The Legislative branch of the U.S. government is the part of the law that makes up the Senate, the House of Representatives and other people that support the Congress. If the Senate and the Congress want a bill passed, they have to have it signed by the President once they have approved

War Prayer Response Essay Example for Free

War Prayer Response Essay God does not choose sides. The word, choose, is listed in the dictionary as â€Å"to pick by preference.† God has no preferences. He has an all knowing and understanding, compassionate heart, which is free of any illusory appeals. God only serves the beings on earth so as to teach them about themselves. Self-actualization is the only thing that can bring humans into full control over ourselves. Humans often do not understand what it is they hope for; if they were to fully understand the implications of it, they would be unable to continue to stand for the wrong doings they wished to be. This is observed in, Mark Twain’s, War Prayer. In the short story, War Prayer, a messenger of god is sent to explain exactly what a mass of people is praying. The people use euphemisms, seemingly unknowingly, in their chants to ask God for victory in the Philippines, during the Spanish American war. The hymns contained phrases such as â€Å" thunder thy clarion and lighting thy sword.† After the messenger speaks the true meaning of the words, the prayer becomes a romanticized and misrepresented portrayal of the true nature of war. At the very end of the messenger’s address, to the people, he asks them, â€Å"Ye have prayed it, if ye still desire it, speak! The messenger of the most high awaits.† The people respond, or rather lack there of, with silence. The messenger is later thought to be a lunatic. Though God tried to explain to them their actions, they failed to see the truth and benevolent power than enveloped the words. The one who knows, sees, and understands all granted the opportunity of a second chance, and the humans once again took the opportunity for granted. God does not choose sides; he gives those who he wishes to learn the opportunity to do so for themselves.

The ?Way? As Seen In Taoism And Confucianism Essay -- essays research

  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Taoism and Confucianism are both very complex and important religions of their time. Both mainly Asian religions, these creeds were more prominent in the times they were developed then they are today. Each of these religions had a certain belief that there was a â€Å"Way† that things should happen and should work so that goodness and peace will regulate in the world. Confucius was the founder of Confucianism. His works were taught in the Confucian Analects. His sense of mission to be â€Å"a human among other humans.† He was said to have fortune cookie knowledge and was admired by many people, including his many followers. Lao Tzu is the founder of Taoism. His teachings are found from the Te-tao-ching. Lao Tzu beliefs were nature based around nature. Each of these teachers taught a great deal to their followers about their beliefs and we see that through the works they left behind. Confucius was willing to teach and learn with anyone who came to him; once he even accepted an uncapped youth though he stated that he was not responsible for what the youth did when he left. He once struck a man who was waiting for him in a sprawling position in the shins with his staff, declaring that youths that show no respect for their elders achieve nothing, and those who merely get older are useless pests. He observed that one youth seemed to be more interested in growing up quickly than in improving himself....

Monroe Doctrine Essay

Ever since its inception as a nation, the United States of America followed a foreign policy of isolationism right up to president Jefferson. This was become the European nations, which were at the helm of American affairs, were involved in several conflicts and turmoil, and American presidents realized the folly of involving such a young nation in war. Thus in 1793, when France declared war on Britain, Americans had divided opinions on the course of action. The federalists wanted to support Britain, and Hamilton, the secretary of treasury, rallied their cause. Secretary of state, who like many other Americans wanted to support France against Britain. However George Washington stuck by his policy of isolationism and avoided conflict. John Adams, and his successor Thomas Jefferson also adapted this policy. When this conflict between Britain and France increased, Jefferson placed an embargo on trade with both nations. While this action highlighted American neutrality, it was also harmful for the American economy, which led to the removal of the embargo. This step highlighted the folly of the policy of isolationism; making it obvious that United States had to make a stand, while continuing its policy of neutrality, not simply isolate itself from world affairs. Hence was a predecessor to the Monroe Doctrine. The Monroe Doctrine was the fruition of early American foreign policy. It was delivered by president James Monroe, in his seventh annual address to the Congress on the 2nd of December 1823. It stated that United states would not tolerate any attempt by the European powers to colonize or interfere in the functioning of the western hemisphere, whilst the western hemisphere would in no way interfere in the European sphere of influence. It was meant to protect the newly independent Latin American states from European control. It was a defining moment in the separation of the old and new world, and became a long-standing American policy with minor variations, to be invoked by several American presidents. The Monroe doctrine, was delivered, and not read out in the congress unlike the other addresses. In this address Monroe gave the background for such a policy and the existing state of foreign relations, in which he mentioned negotiations with France, and dialogue with Russia on their commercial interests in the United States. He also talked about the Treaty of Ghent and the difference between US and Britain on the boundaries between the US and Canada. The president also announced to Congress a new round of negotiations with the British toward establishing a treaty that would define the exclusive and shared commercial interests of the United States and Great Britain as regarded states and territories bordering on lakes and rivers emptying into the St. Lawrence River. Thus he justified the need for such a policy and in his address included military strategies and provisions to safeguard it, like authorizing additional naval force for safeguarding their commercial interests in the Mediterranean Sea, Pacific Ocean, and the Atlantic coast. The key paragraph of the address, which summed up the foreign policy stated â€Å"We owe it, therefore, to candor and to the amicable relations existing between the United States and those powers to declare that we should consider any attempt on their part to extend their system to any portion of this hemisphere as dangerous to our peace and safety. With the existing colonies or dependencies of any European power we have not interfered and shall not interfere, but with the Governments who have declared their independence and maintained it, and whose independence we have, on great consideration and on just principles, acknowledged, we could not view any inter- position for the purpose of oppressing them, or controlling in any other manner their destiny, by any European power in any other light than as the manifestation of an unfriendly disposition toward the United States†. The Monroe doctrine had its backgrounds in the foreign policy of earlier four presidents, as well as in the experiences of Monroe and Adams as diplomats. James Madison, during his presidency, continued to follow Jeffersonian foreign policy of prohibition of trade with both nations. In 1810, however, the Congress reversed itself, realizing its ill effects on the country’s economy authorizing the president to pursue trade with both countries, provided each accepted America’s policy of neutrality, or trade with only one, if that one accepted America’s view of neutral rights. Of the two, only France complied, hence Madison declared a state of â€Å"non-intercourse† with Great Britain. This led to the war of 1812 between America and Great Britain. The war, which initially proved to be disastrous for America, ended with the treaty of Ghent in 1814, and thus paved way for Monroe’s foreign policy to avoid future war, while protecting American rights. Monroe, who was inspired by Jefferson, and loyal to Jeffersonian policy, saw the need to avoid war, at the same time asserting America’s independence. John Quincy Adams, unlike his father deflected from the Federalist Party, and supported Jefferson in his placement of the embargo on trade with both nations. Thus both Adams and Monroe were inspired by Jeffersonian ideas, and saw the crucial need of making a stand as a newly independent nation, while avoiding the calamity of war. Monroe and Adams were faced with several problems regarding foreign policy, the foremost of which included renegotiating terms with Great Britain, on the treaty of Ghent and establishing new boundaries, reasserting rights that had been previously challenged. Later there arose a problem of Spanish claim over Florida, and Britain, it was suspected, was providing them help. This led to serious and long negotiations between America and Spain for the purchase of Florida, which ultimately led to the Adams- Onis treaty, Onis being the Spanish minister to America. This was considered one of Adams greatest successes as secretary of state, until he drafted the Monroe Doctrine, which influenced American foreign policy for generations to come. The doctrine grew out of several diplomatic problems. The first was the minor clash with Russia concerning the northwest coast of North America. In this quarrel, Secretary of State John Quincy Adams expressed the principle that the American continents were no longer to be considered as a field for colonization by European powers. That principle was incorporated verbatim in the presidential message. The other and more important part of the doctrine grew out of the fear that the group of European governments commonly called the Holy Alliance would seek to reduce the Latin American states that had recently gained independence from Spain to a colonial status once again. When France crossed the Pyrenees to help put down a rebellion against the Spanish monarch, Britain worried that this might lead to a joint French-Spanish expedition to retake the Latin American colonies for Spain, which would harm British economic interests in the area. The British foreign minister George Canning communicated with the American minister in London, Richard Rush, and suggested that a joint declaration opposing such a development would serve both their interests. Thus in 1823, the British foreign secretary, George Canning, through Richard Rush, proposed to Monroe that America should join powers with Britain for the joint protection of South American colonies from the Holy Alliance. There was once again a division of views on this matter. Adams believed that Britain had great self-interest behind such an offer. When Monroe consulted with Jefferson and Madison on this issue, Jefferson asked him to accept the proposal, however Madison, like Adams cautioned Monroe to be wary as it most definitely has British self-interest involved. According to Harry Ammon, Quincy Adams was convinced that Britain had ulterior motives in this offer. He believed that using this joint action as bait, Britain was hoping to discourage American intention of taking over Cuba, which Adams believed, was inevitable. After much debate in the cabinet, the decision was reached to reject this proposal, for it seemed that America had nothing to gain through this alliance, and President Monroe was anyway reluctant to do anything that might make the US appear subservient to Britain. However America still needed to protect the southern states from being restored to Spain via the holy alliance. Also if such an attack occurred, and Britain interceded and emerged victorious, Americans would be left at the mercy of the British once again, and the Southern territories would fall under British control. It was then decided that the southern countries needed to be protected not only from Spain, the Holy alliance, or Britain, but also from all non-American powers, and this is how the genius idea behind the foreign policy, to be called Monroe Doctrine emerged. This doctrine, though presented as the annual presidential address, was the brainchild of John Quincy Adams, the secretary of state, whose main motive behind this policy, according to Edward Renehan Jr. , was to deter colonialism. Even though the doctrine shaped future American foreign policy, the immediate impact of the Monroe Doctrine was mixed. It was successful to the extent that the continental powers did not attempt to revive the Spanish empire, but this was on account of the strength of the British Navy, not American, which was relatively limited. According to Alejandro Alvarez, the doctrine was simply a policy for the United States’ self defense, not for its aggression or for its isolationism. The Monroe doctrine also had not stated any disapproval towards Pan-Americanism or even cooperation with other European nations. The Monroe Doctrine was especially influential in the history of Latin American countries. Around the early 1800’s many Latin American areas, under the leadership of Simon Bolivar, had declared their independence from the controlling powers in Europe. These new countries lacked the military strength and experience to fight with foreign powers, however, when the Monroe doctrine was put into effect, they were safeguarded from these wars, and thus welcomed this policy. Over the years, the doctrine became the defining foreign policy of the United States, with continuous changes and variations, however, its two main ideas held true through the years. First, that the United States would not tolerate European powers further colonizing the American continents or interfering in its affairs. And second, that the United States would not interfere in existing European colonies or in Europe itself. According to Edward Renehan Jr. , the Monroe Doctrine had a significant impact, not only in the development of Foreign policy, but also on American history, which would have been significantly different, if not for this doctrine. In essence, ‘Without its existence Latin America would have been severely regionalized by European powers to serve their colonial interests, and a range of European powers, not just Spain but also Holland, Germany, France, and Great Britain—would have gained a major foothold, introducing not only new lines to the map, but also new languages and cultures’. The coinage of the term ‘Monroe doctrine’ first came from President James K. Polk in 1845, when he successfully invoked this doctrine to thwart of French and British efforts against annexation of Texas, as also British threats in Oregon and California. He also expanded the doctrine to include his belief of ‘manifest destiny’. A concept, which along with the Monroe Doctrine came to be referred as Polk Doctrine. Monroe Doctrine greatly changed the American foreign policy, by shifting the emphasis from neutrality, to respect towards America, as a newly independent nation. With the ending of the war between European nations, and the restoration of peace, the American foreign policy was liberated from its earlier inhibitions, which had existed ever since Washington’s presidency. Monroe seized the opportunity to let matters of neutral rights of America dissolve in the background, while bringing to the forefront the concept of the United States as the most powerful in the Americas, and a country which was a serious and powerful republic, which no longer needed the aid or patronage of foreign nations to achieve its diplomatic aims. The Monroe Doctrine was significant in defining and paving the way for American foreign policy for centuries. It was initially drafted simply as a means of asserting America as a power as well as for American self defense, and highlighting it as an independent nation. Its true brilliance was realized only decades later when it was recalled time and again by several Presidents of the United States. It was the first act that grew to see America as a superpower in the world. This simple assertion of non-interference separated the old world from the new world, thus making the United States the biggest power in the Western Hemisphere. It was the first decisive step in the foreign policy of America after Jefferson’s embargo on trade, and it greatly changed as well as shaped foreign policy as the United States for the first time asserted itself as a power without the support or patronage of another nation.

Maruti Suzuki Company Profile

Organisational Profile of Maruti Suzuki About us – Maruti Suzuki India Limited (MSIL, formerly named Maruti Udyog Limited) is a subsidiary of Suzuki Motor Corporation, Japan. MSIL has been the leader of the Indian car market for over two and a half decades. The company's two manufacturing facilities are located at Gurgaon and Manesar, south of New Delhi. Recently, the company has announced a further investment of Rs 1,700 crore (Rs 17 billion) for enhancing the production capacity by 250,000 units annually. The CAGR over two years is 27% for net sales.Nature of the Company Ownership – Maruti Suzuki India Ltd. Is a public limited company and is listed on Bombay Stock Exchange Limited and National Stock Exchange Limited. SMC is the majority shareholder with 54. 21% equity stake in the company. Shareholding Pattern of the Company – Our Vision – The Leader in the Indian Automobile Industry, Creating Customer Delight and Shareholder's Wealth; A pride of India. We believe OUR CORE VALUES drive us in every endeavor. * CUSTOMER OBSESSION * FAST, FLEXIBLE & FIRST MOVER INNOVATION & CREATIVITY * NETWORKING & PARTNERSHIP * OPENNESS & LEARNING Quest Unlimited – â€Å"After 25 years of leadership, what next? † It is not for us to predict the future. Other than to say that the Quest is unceasing. We continue on our journey, uninterrupted and without distraction, avoiding complacence and flamboyance, to explore newer frontiers, strengthen and expand partnerships, connect with the layers and layers of a still larger world and embed ourselves deeper in the lives of people. Success Mantra –Success in this business, we said, asks for â€Å"Stamina and Patience, Order and Creativity, Skills hard and soft and it needs all of them to Co-exist in the Right Proportion. † We follow the natural low of 3G – Give is the route to Get and Grow. CORPORATE INFORMATION – Board Of Directors – Mr. R. C. Bhargava, Chairman Mr. Shinzo Nakanishi, Managing Director and CEO Mr. Tsuneo Ohashi, Director and Managing Executive Officer (Production) Mr. Shuji Oishi, Director & Managing Executive Officer (Marketing & Sales) Mr. Keiichi Asai, Director & Managing Executive Officer (Engineering) Mr.Manvinder Singh Banga, Director Mr. Amal Ganguli, Director Mr. D. S. Brar, Director Mr. Osamu Suzuki, Director Ms. Pallavi Shroff, Director Mr. Kenichi Ayukawa, Director Contact us – Head Office Maruti Suzuki India Limited 1, Nelson Mandela Road, Vasant Kunj, New Delhi-110070 Board no. 46781000 Fax : 46150275-76| Gurgaon Plant Maruti Suzuki India Ltd. Gurgaon Plant Old Palam Gurgaon Road Gurgaon – 122015 Tel: (0124)   2346721| Manesar Plant Maruti Suzuki India Ltd. Manesar Plant Plot no. 1, Phase 3A IMT Manesar Gurgaon – 122051. | BUSINESS HIGHLIGHTS Company’s Snapshot – Above 50% market share in passenger cars and van type Vehicles for all 25 years * O ver 7 million cars produced & sold cumulatively * Over 500,000 cars exported cumulatively * 1st in customer satisfaction for 9 consecutive years – J D power CSI survey * One million units/ annum total capacity * Gurgaon facility – capacity 700,000 units/ annum * Manesar facility – capacity 300,000 units/annum * Over 7,600 employees on its rolls. * 681 sales outlets in 454 cities * 2767 workshops in 1314 cities * 315 pre-owned car outlets in 181 cities Recent AWARDS –India's Most Trusted Brand 2009: The Economic times Maruti Suzuki has been ranked Indian most Trusted Brand by India's leading Business newspaper The Economic Times. This prestigious accolade comes alongside company's 10-year long pole position in customer satisfaction surveys. 2000-2009: JD Power Customer Satisfaction Index Award – India The biggest draw for the past ten years has been the award for highest recognition by the customer. In 2009-10 again, for the tenth consecutive ti me, Maruti Suzuki ranked the highest in JD Power Customer Satisfaction Index.Other Accolades During 2009-10, the company, its products and services received reputed awards and accolades instituted by independent expert groups, media houses and research agencies. These include: * Ritz – Hatchback of the year * Ritz – Car of the year * Maruti Suzuki as the ‘Manufacturer of the year' by CNBC Overdrive * In the World's Most Reputed Company Survey 2009, Maruti Suzuki ranked third amongst global car companies and 49 amongst all companies across all segments. * ICSI National Award for Excellence in Corporate Governance' Products –The company has a portfolio of 13 brands and over 150 variants across Maruti 800, Omni, international brands Alto, A-star, WagonR, Swift, Ritz and Estilo, off-roader Gypsy, SUV Grand Vitara, sedans SX4 and Swift DZire and the newest entrant Eeco. Quality – A product of poor quality requires repeated inspections, entails wastage in terms of repairs and replacements. â€Å"Do it right first time†, is the principle followed to avoid wastage. To ensure quality, robots were devices and deployed especially where they reduced worker fatigue and were critical in delivering consistent quality.With consistent improvements in the plant the company was able to manufacture over 600,000 vehicles in 2006-07 with an installed capacity of just 350,000 vehicles per year. Production Management System (PMS) – PMS is derived from the basic Japanese principles of 5S, 3G and 3K. Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) concepts – Maruti Suzuki has adopted a CSR policy, which serves as a guiding tool for the management and the employees in steering Maruti Suzuki towards long term sustained growth in harmony along with the interests of the stakeholder.The role of the CSR department is to professionalize CSR activities in Maruti Suzuki and strengthen the mechanisms involving the activities. Significant efforts have been taken to contribute to society at large, through its corporate activities, especially in the areas of Road Safety and Vocational Training. Maruti Suzuki has set up dedicated teams with requisite expertise to steer the social projects. Maruti Driving School – National Road Safety Mission – Driving its message for road safety, Maruti Suzuki India Limited, unveiled a National Road Safety Mission| programme in December 2008.Under the programme, the company will * Train 500,000 people in safe driving in the next 3 years across India| | * While utilizing the existing 4 Institutes of Driving Training and Research (IDTR) in Delhi, Dehradun and Vadodara and 61 Maruti Driving Schools across the country the company will enter into partnerships with state governments for more IDTRs and with its dealers for more Maruti Driving Schools * Of the 500,000 people to be trained, at least 100,000 will be people from underprivileged section of society, who are keen to take driving as a profession. The company will continue to support to government and industry in their efforts for road safety| Sustainability Approach – In line with the global environmental concerns, we have identified the following focus areas with regards to the protection of environment and resources for the future generations. * CO2 emission reduction * Energy Conservation * Water Conservation * Solid Waste Management * Material Usage and Weight reduction * Fuel EfficiencyEnvironment Friendly –Fuel Efficient K-series Engine Technology Maruti Suzuki recognizes global warming and climate changes as global issues, the effects of which are of concern both for the environment and human life. The challenge faced by the society is how to meet the needs of the present, without compromising the ability of future generations to meet their own needs. Maruti Suzuki strongly believes that an investment in environment friendly products and manufacturing facilities is in the best interest of t he society as well as the business.The last 25 years of our journey has reinforced the belief that environment friendly initiatives make products more acceptable to customers and help Maruti Suzuki grow profitably in every sphere. Since Maruti Suzuki started operations, conserving environment and natural resources has been an integral part of our systems and processes. The concept of â€Å"Reduce, Reuse, Recycle† (3R's) has been our driving principle.This three pronged strategy or the 3 R's has been promoted in all our manufacturing facilities, supply chain and logistics operations. Maruti Suzuki also follows the Philosophy of â€Å"Smaller, Fewer, Lighter, Shorter and Neater†. This Philosophy has helped Maruti Suzuki in optimal utilization of resources and cost savings. True Value Outlet – Maruti True Value is India No. 1 organized pre-owned car brand. The company's service businesses include sale and purchase of pre-owned cars (True Value) and Maruti Finance.U nique advantages   Ã¢â‚¬â€œ * India's largest certified used car dealer network * 340 outlets in 197 cities and growing * All car related services under one roof * professionally trained manpower * Complete peace of mind| | These initiatives, besides providing total mobility solutions to customers in a convenient and transparent manner, have helped improve economic viability of the company's dealerships Exports – What do countries like Poland, Finland, Iceland, Malta, Switzerland, The Netherlands, Algeria and Italy have in common?Maruti Suzuki cars ply on the roads of these countries, and what's more, they are soon becoming the fastest selling cars in those lands. Maruti Suzuki exports, entry-level models across the globe to over 100 countries and the focus has been to identify new markets. Some important markets include Latin America, Africa and South East Asia. The Company clocked its highest ever exports at 70,023 units, a growth of 32. 1% in the Fiscal Year 2008-09.

The Korean War and the Relationship of the US and Communist Containment †History Essay

The Korean War and the Relationship of the US and Communist Containment – History Essay Free Online Research Papers The Korean War and the Relationship of the US and Communist Containment History Essay The NSC-68 also known as the National Security Paper 68 was created in 1950 during a time of European and Asian strife. It was after World War II and the Soviet Union was no longer allies with the United States. They had fought together to win the war against Germany and the Nazi movement and now was the time for the Soviet to continue the movement of communism into other nations. With the atom bomb successfully created and now studied and accessible to other leading nations, America was on edge. Communism was also a major threat to the American life and all that it stood for, freedom, capitalism and democracy. The US foresaw that the spread of communism would give the Soviet increased power and control including atomic power. The US understood that protecting other nations that shared similar interests with the US would intern protect them by containing the threat of communism. The NSC-68 was created to do just this. Korea was already in the midst of a civil war. The country always had to defend itself against larger Asian nations such as China and Japan. Now it was fighting itself, divided in half by North and South. Each half of Korea was ruled separately and distinctly by two rulers. Each of these rulers had very different views on how Korea’s government should be run. North Korea’s ruler, Kim II Sung, agreed to the communists ideology. Kim joined together with Stalin and the Soviet Union. The Soviets understood the unification of both North Korea and South Korea under communist rule would give the Soviet Union more political power and control and also more support of it’s own interests. Together with the support of the Soviets; Kim knew he could take over South Korea and it’s leader, Syngman Rhee. North Korea (supported by China and The Soviet Union) attacked South Korea. Even though Japan fought against the US in World War II, it was still a country that the US could benefit from in many ways. If the communists took over all of Korea it could intern affect the relationship the US had with Japan. America (backed up by the UN) needed to contain communism before it spread any farther and decided to take action and thus began the Korean War. The Korean War was fought from 1950 until 1953. There were many casualties including over one million Koreans. Although North Korea seemed to have an upper hand the majority of the time, the war itself ended in a stalemate. Both sides recognizing their separate governments and individual interests.In some ways the US was not entirely successful in achieving it’s goals of a communist free Korean nation. Although it did relatively succeed in it’s continual pursuit of containment of communist government. Even though the US and South Korea did not win the war, they helped stop the spread of communism to other parts of the world including Japan and also possibly the beginning of World War III. Bibliography Goldfield D, Abbott C, Anderson V DJ, Argersinger JA E, Argersinger P H, Barney W L, Weir R W. (2005). The American Journey. Upper Saddle River: Pearson Education. Research Papers on The Korean War and the Relationship of the US and Communist Containment - History EssayAppeasement Policy Towards the Outbreak of World War 2Quebec and CanadaAssess the importance of Nationalism 1815-1850 EuropeAnalysis of Ebay Expanding into Asia19 Century Society: A Deeply Divided EraBringing Democracy to AfricaPETSTEL analysis of IndiaTwilight of the UAWDefinition of Export QuotasThe Effects of Illegal Immigration

Choose from one of the subjects in the attachment Term Paper

Choose from one of the subjects in the attachment - Term Paper Example Hypothetically this underground economy could be broken down into five significant parts. (Phongpaichit). 1. Exercises which are illicit, for example, drug trafficking, smuggling, unlawful logging, exchanging of moderated types of plants and creatures, trafficking in people, and exercises, for example, prostitution and betting where they are banned by law. (Phongpaichit) 4. Casual sector exercises, for example, distributing, independent work, cool work and family commercial enterprises which are not caught in the authority detail and are frequently not secured by taxation. (Phongpaichit) 5. Family unit work completed by relatives, however excluded in the worth included of the economy, for example, the consideration of the wiped out and matured, and numerous family unit errands which are paramount to the prosperity of family parts. (Phongpaichit) Different endeavours have been made to survey the span of these sectors in diverse nations. Case in point, the aggregate of tax evasion and the private sector has been evaluated at 15 percent of GNP in UK, 27 percent in Germany and the USA, and just about 60 percent in Thailand. (Phongpaichit). The family sector (5) has been evaluated at 37 percent of GNP in the USA, and 49 percent in India. (Phongpaichit). Corruption income produced by officials and legislators has been assessed at around 1 percent of GDP in Thailand in the period 1960-73. (Phongpaichit) Among evaluations of the illicit or criminal sector (1), the generation and exchanging of ganja was evaluated to be 3-6 percent of GNP in Columbia in the period 1981-1984. (Phongpaichit). In the U.S.A. the quality included from the unlawful drug exchange, illicit betting and prostitution represented 2.7 percent of the aggregate private sectors use. (Phongpaichit) There is something else entirely to matters in profit making than dollars and

Accommodations and Modifications Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Accommodations and Modifications - Assignment Example Accommodations and modification have been helpful when administering instructions and assessment for students with special needs. This is because accommodations strategies are designed to meet the needs of every individual that ensures equal delivery, as well as standard academic contents. In this research work, the student with specific learning disability (SLD) will be considered. This disability makes the victim to have difficulty in understanding and acquiring language both written and spoken. In addition, being a student learning English as a second language, the student also has a disability of English learning. In specific, the student suffering from this disorder has problems of listening, spelling, writing, speaking and performing complicated puzzles together with doing mathematics (Beech 23). Such student can be supported by the use of the accommodation and modification. This strategy is organized into four categories namely presentation, response, scheduling, and setting. Presentation involves setting the student to access the relevant information. Since this student has difficulty in reading, instructions and assessment can be administered in form of illustrations and graphics such as audio, visual, or tactile. However, this approach cannot be effective in some cases where the information to be relayed cannot be either graphed or illustrated. Additionally, preparing theses illustrations and graphics is difficult and time consuming. For response, the student can be introduced to alternative ways of responses as opposed to the conventional ways such as writing, speaking, and drawing. The alternative methods of response, that student should be introduced to include scribes, computers, or word processors, braille, and word prediction software. Other alternative methods of response are voice recorders, portable sound recording